Sunflower
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Botanical name
Helianthus annus L.
Family
Asteraceae
Origin
North America
Seed Rate
Composite -10 kg/ha
Hybrids- 5 kg/ha
Season
Rabi
Time of sowing
The mid-October to mid-November is considered the ideal time for sowing.
Land Preparation
Two-three tillage is recommended to breakdown the clods into fine soil tilth under appropriate moisture conditions.
Seed Treatment
Treat seeds with mixture of Carbendazim 1.0 g/kg and Thiram 1.5 g/kg of seeds 24 hrs before sowing.
Spacing
45 X 30 cm (composite) and 60 X 30 cm for hybrid
Water Management
Watering right after planting is crucial, followed by regular watering every 7-10 days depending on the weather. The flowering and seed formation phases are particularly important, and insufficient moisture during these stages can lower crop yields.
Inter cultivation
one time at 20-25 (DAS)
Weed management
Use Fluchloralin at a rate of 2.0 liters per hectare either before planting by incorporating it into the soil or as a pre-emergence spray 5 days after planting, followed by irrigation. Alternatively, apply Pendimethalin as a pre-emergence spray 3 days after planting.
Fertilizer dose
Before sowing, 60 kg Nitrogen, 80 kg phosphorus, 60 kg potash are need to be applied. Also apply 20 kg/ha sulphur.
Pest management
Apply a mixture of HaNPV 250 LE and Bt at a rate of 0.5 kg/ha for efficient pest control. Mancozeb 4gm/lt is effective against leaf spot disease. Copper oxychloride 2g/lt is effective against rust disease.
Harvesting
When the back of the flower head turns yellow and the bracts begin to turn brown. Additionally, the seeds should be plump and the disk flowers in the centre should be turning brown.
Yield
0.8-1.2 t/ha
Pests
Aphids, head borer
Diseases
Leaf spot, rust and powdery mildew are the major diseases.
Botanical name
Helianthus annus L.
Family
Asteraceae
Origin
North America
Seed Rate
Composite -10 kg/ha
Hybrids- 5 kg/ha
Season
Rabi